اصلی دودھ اور سستا گوشت
اصلی دودھ اور سستا گوشت | Milk Quality and Chicken Price
دودھ ضرور پئیں مگر تھوڑا دیکھ کر
اصلی دودھ اور سستا گوشت
ڈاکٹر محمد جاسر آفتاب
اس میں کوئی شک نہیں کہ ڈیری انڈسٹری پر ٹیکس لگنے یا خشک دودھ کی امپورٹ پر ڈیوٹی بڑھنے سے ڈبہ بند ڈیری مصنوعات کی قیمتوں میں اضافہ ہو گا۔ ہاں مگر یہ کہنا سرا سر زیادتی ہو گی کہ اس سے ڈیری انڈسٹری تباہ ہو جائے گی یا ڈیری فارمرز بدحال ہوں گے۔ میرے بھائی ” خشک دودھ پر ڈیوٹی بڑھاؤ” “خشک دودھ پر ڈیوٹی بڑھاؤ ” یہ چیخنے کا مقصد ہی ڈیری انڈسٹری کو سہارا دینا ہے۔
” سترہ دودھ پراسسنگ فیکٹریوں کا سروے کیا گیا تو معلوم ہوا کہ ان میں سے دو فیکٹریاں دودھ کا ایک لیٹر بھی نہیں خریدتیں جبکہ مارکیٹ میں روزانہ پانچ سے چھ لاکھ لٹر فروخت کرتی ہیں ۔ باقی پندرہ فیکٹریاں پروڈکشن کا صرف 23 فیصد دودھ خریدتی ہیں ۔ دودھ کو چار گنا کرنے کا فارمولا میری سمجھ میں نہیں آیا۔ ان کمپنیوں نے تو اجازت لی تھی کہ ہماری گائے بھینس کے دودھ کو پیک کریں گی لیکن اکثر دوسری جانب چل نکلیں۔ یہی وجہ ہے کہ انڈیا، ترکی، ایران اور اسٹریلیا سمیت دنیا بھر کے whey powder کی مارکیٹ صرف پاکستان ہے” ۔ یہ الفاظ سیکرٹری لائیوسٹاک پنجاب نسیم صادق کے ہیں جو انہوں نے چند ماہ قبل میرے ساتھ ایک انٹرویو میں کہے۔
پاکستان میں صرف چار فیصد دودھ پراسیس ہوتا ہے۔ یعنی پیکٹوں اور ڈبوں میں بکنے والا دودھ صرف چار فیصد ہے جبکہ باقی 96 فیصد کھلے دودھ کی مارکیٹ ہے۔ اب خشک دودھ پر ڈیوٹی بڑھنے سے یا تو یہ چار فیصد مارکیٹ خراب ہو گی یا پھر کھلے دودھ کی مارکیٹ کا وہ حصہ اثر انداز ہو گا جو باہر سے آئے ہوئے گھٹیا معیار کے پاؤڈر کو ملا کر جعلی دودھ تیار کرتا ہے۔ بہت اچھی بات کہ پاکستان میں دودھ کی پراسیسنگ انڈسٹری موجود ہے لیکن پراسیسرز کو یہ اچھی بات بھی یاد رکھنی چاہئے کہ ہمارے ہاں ان کی انڈسٹری کی لئے Raw Material یعنی دودھ بھی موجود ہے۔ اب پاکستان کے لئے اچھی بات یہ ہوگی کہ یہاں کی ڈیری پراسیسنگ انڈسٹری اپنے پلانٹ پر پاکستان کے جانوروں سے حاصل ہونے والا دودھ ہی پیک کرے۔آج تو پاکستان میں ایسے فارم بھی موجود ہوں جہاں State of the Art سیٹ اپ میں انٹرنیشنل کنسلٹنٹ او ر غیر ملکی ماہرین کی زیرِ نگرانی اعلیٰ معیار کا دودھ حاصل کیا جاتا ہے۔ انہی فارم میں اپنی ضروریات کے مطابق بہتری لا کر پروسیسرز جس کوالٹی کا چاہیں دودھ لے سکتے ہیں۔
تین چار ہزار جانوروں والا کارپوریٹ ڈیری فارم ہو یا تین چار سو جانوروں والا کمرشل فارم، بیس تیس جانوروں والا چھوٹا سرمایہ کار ہو، یا تیس چالیس گائے بھینسوں والا ڈیرے دار، مٹی کے لپائی کئے صحن میں کھڑی بھینس ہو یا کچے مکان کے باہر بندھی گائے ، میدانوں اور پہاڑوں میں چرتی بھیڑ بکریاں ہوں یا صحرا میں اڑتے اونٹ ،حقیقت کو تسلیم کرنا ہو گا کہ یہی پاکستان کا ڈیری سیکٹر ہے بلکہ ڈیری سیکٹر کی بنیاد ہے۔ ان کو نظر انداز کئے بغیر ڈیری انڈسٹری کا سوچنا محض سیراب ہے۔ یہ سب دودھ پیدا کر رہے ہیں، اصلی دودھ۔خشک دودھ پر ڈیوٹی بڑھنے سے اس دودھ کی اہمیت میں اضافہ ہو گا اور یہ ڈیری سیکٹر کی بقا کے لئے ضروری ہے۔ اس کے برعکس جس راہ پر ہم چل رہے ہیں، اگر چلتے رہے تو آہستہ آہستہ جانور ختم ہوتے جائیں گے اور ان کی جگہ مکسر، ڈرم اور خشک دودھ کے گودام لے لیں گے۔ آخر کار سب کی تباہی ہو گی۔
یاد رہے کہ دودھ کے ساتھ ساتھ گوشت بھی ہماری روزمرہ کی اہم خوراک ہے ۔ لیکن افسوس کہ گوشت چاہے بڑا ہو یا چھوٹاغریب تو دور سفید پوش متوسط طبقے کی پہنچ میں بھی نہیں رہا۔ یہ تو شکر ہے کہ پاکستان میں پولٹری سیکٹرموجود ہے جس کی بدولت ہر خاص و عام کے دانتوں کو بوٹی چبانا نصیب ہو جاتا ہے ورنہ گوشت تو صرف اشرافیہ کی قسمت میں ہوتا ۔ خوشی اور غمی کے مواقع کے ساتھ ساتھ ہر گھر کے دسترخوان کی زینت بنتا مرغی کا گوشت کوئی مجبوری نہیں بلکہ یہ ہر چھوٹے بڑے کی پسندیدہ خوراک ہے۔ مگر افسوس کہ اب اسے بھی غریب آدمی سے دور کرنے کی سازش کی جا رہی ہے۔ پولٹری کے خام مال گرینٹ پیرنٹ پر 15 فیصدڈیوٹی اور مرغیوں کی خوراک میں استعمال ہونے والے سویابین پر دس فیصد ڈیوٹی اور دس فیصد سیل ٹیکس لگانے سے مرغی کے گوشت کی قیمت بھی کہیں کی کہیں چلی جائے گی۔ مٹن، بیف اور دالوں کے ساتھ ساتھ اگر برائلر گوشت اور انڈے بھی مہنگے ہو گئے تو پھر غریب اچھی خوراک سے محروم ہو جائے گا۔
گزارش یہی کہ ڈیری سیکٹر کی بقا کے لئے خشک دودھ پر ڈیوٹی کو بڑھایا جائے اور پولٹری سیکٹر کے استحکام کے لئے نئے ٹیکسوں سے اجتناب کیا جائے۔ پاکستان کی فوڈ سیکیورٹی کے لئے یہی بہتر ہے۔
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